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Assignment 4: From Privileged and Underprivileged Crime to the Social Control of Crime

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Assignment 4: From Privileged and Underprivileged Crime to the Social Control of Crime (15%)

Part A: Short Answers (20 marks)

Answer two of the following questions and provide one or two short paragraph answers of 150–250 words for each. (10 marks each)

  1. In what sense are telemarketing fraudsters “privileged” criminals? What factors in the social background of the fraudsters (if any) explain their criminal career choice?
  2. What is neutralization? Briefly describe Sykes and Matza’s (Ch. 40 and 43) five techniques of neutralization and provide examples to illustrate.
  3. According to Xin and Rudel (Ch. 41), what are the causes of political corruption? (Include both organizational and societal factors in your answer). Why do they are argue that societal factors are the most significant?
  4. What is the difference between organizational culture and organizational rituals? Illustrate your answer with examples from Ulsperger and Knottnerus’s study (Ch. 42) on Enron.
  5. Briefly discuss the logic of “opportunistic crimes” (as opposed to calculated or purposive crimes) and illustrate with examples. What is the significance of this distinction?
  6. In what way is Jacobs, Topalli, and Wright’s study of carjackers a “phenomenological” study (Ch. 45)?
  7. Briefly compare the unintended effects of formal social controls in the examples of sex offenders and workplace bullies. What is the dynamic of formal and informal social controls that lead to these unintended consequences?
  8. What is the harm reduction model of drug control advocated by Goode (Ch. 50)? How does this model emerge from a different way of defining the problem of drug usage?

Part B: Short Essay (40 marks)

Answer one of the following questions in a short essay of 600–800 words. (40 marks)

  1. Why should the examples of privileged or corporate crime we studied in Topic 4.1 not be seen simply as the actions of a handful of deviant individuals? What are the common social or organizational conditions of these examples of privileged crime?
  2. Compare the type of neutralization techniques used in privileged and non-privileged crime. In what ways do they differ? In what ways are they the same? How does the relative privilege of offenders affect the type of neutralization techniques they use? Does neutralization cause crime?
  3. TESTING Several examples in Unit 4 examine criminal activities from the offenders’ points of view. Compare two of the studies that adopt this approach. What understanding of crime do we get from this focus on the offenders’ motivations and perspectives? What are the strengths and limitations of this type of approach for determining the causes of crime?
  4. View the documentary NCR: Not Criminally Responsible available from the National Film Board of Canada..

To access the video you’ll need to log in through the TRU Library website:

    • Select the Indexes & Databases tab
    • Locate and click on the National Film Board of Canada link
    • After logging in you will be directed to the National Film Board website where you can locate and view the video

Outline the formal measures used to control individuals who have been judged not criminally responsible for their acts. What are the intended consequences of these measures? Have these measures worked in the case of Sean Clifton? Is the Canadian justice system too lenient on violent criminals found to be not criminally responsible for their acts? Why or why not?

Part C: Course Blogs (40 marks)

You are required to post to two course blogs. A course blog allows you to provide your own and read others’ postings. Please access these blogs in the “Course Blogs” tab.

Your entries should be completed before you send Assignment 4 for grading. The Blogs area is in the left-hand navigation menu.

Your blog entries must be original. Resending contributions that have been used in another course is not permitted. Rely on original sources like your course textbook, criminological journals, and newspapers as references.

Note

Please do not cite online encyclopedias like Wikipedia. This just dilutes the content by getting further and further away from the original source. It is acceptable to look up and use the primary sources cited in Wikipedia articles. Be sure to read the primary source, and cite these sources correctly.

Your writing should be formal, clear, unambiguous, and grammatically correct. Share information within your comfort zone, but do not disclose personal or confidential material. For more information about netiquette see http://www.tru.ca/distance/services/learner/netiquette.html.

Guidelines for Images or Media

You are not required to include images or media in your blog entries; however, you may add appropriate content if it further illustrates a concept. Keep in mind the following:

  • If you find the content online, please provide the URL link instead of inserting the image or media in the written blog. Be sure to cite the source properly in APA format.
  • If you wish to share your own photos or media or if you wish to include Creative Commons (www.creativecommons.org) licensed images or media, make sure you understand the various licenses and attribute the sources properly.

Note about posting in blogs

When you create a blog post, please save your entry as a draft document on your computer until you are ready to submit your post. No editing is allowed once you hit the “Post Entry” button. Blog posts will be submitted for grading once you hit the “Post to forum” button.

Topic 1: Criminological Concepts (10 marks)

Describe one criminological concept discussed in this course in a paragraph of 250 words. Post your writing to the blog titled “Criminological Concepts”.

Instructions:

  1. Go to the Course Blogs tab in your course.
  2. Choose “Course Blog 1: Criminological Concepts.”
  3. Click on the “Add a new Topic” button once you are in Course Blog Course Blog 1.
  4. In the “Subject” box, enter the criminological concept of your choice. You can choose a concept in any of the guided reading questions in your course units or in the “define the following concepts” sections.
  5. In the “Message” area, type in your entry. You can also paste your entry from a Word document.
  6. Define this concept with a simple definition, and then describe its criminological usage. Provide an example that illustrates the concept. This example can be a contemporary, real life example, an example from the criminological literature or course readings, or a hypothetical example.
  7. Provide APA citations and a reference list of the resources you used. Please refer to the “Research Help” area for an APA Citation Guide.

 

Word Count: 1300-1400

No. of Pages: 7

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